These studies of perceptual anomalies further ignited his interest in the celestial realm, and he began to incorporate aviation into his practice by creating sky drawings with the artist Sam Francis.

Edward Wortz, Turrell studied the optical phenomenon known as the Ganzfeld effect-the loss of perceptive fields through sensory deprivation. Alongside fellow artist Robert Irwin and psychologist Dr. From the end of 1968 to 1969 he participated in the Art and Technology program at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, which brought contemporary artists together with engineers. Shortly thereafter, Turrell decided to focus exclusively on his practice and abandoned his graduate studies. In 1966 Turrell rented a studio space in the former Mendota Hotel in Ocean Park, California, where he began to work with high-intensity projectors as a light source, producing the first of his Projection Pieces, Afrum-Proto, in the spring of 1966. These early works proved challenging to control, halting further experimentation in the medium.

During this time, Turrell produced some of his first light sculptures, using gases to create flat flames that burned in even colors. Since his earliest Projection Pieces (1966–69), his exploration has expanded through various series, including Skyspaces (1974–), Ganzfelds (1976–), and perhaps most notably, his Roden Crater Project (1977–) near Flagstaff, Arizona.Īpplying through an advertisement in the back of Artforum Turrell entered graduate school in the fall of 1965 at the newly established University of California at Irvine, where he studied under artists Tony DeLap, John McCracken, and David Gray as well as with art historians John Coplans and Walter Hopps. These interactions became the foundation for Turrell’s oeuvre. Influenced by the notion of pure feeling in pictorial art, Turrell’s earliest work focused on the dialectic between constructing light and painting with light, building on the sensorial experience of space, color, and perception. James Turrell has dedicated his practice to what he has deemed perceptual art, investigating the materiality of light.

Instaling Circus Electrique